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25/07/2008

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HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL
 
PARENTS AND VISITORS
Other complications  
 

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

This is the most common problem in very premature babies, it occurs when the Ductus Arteriousus (DA), a blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery and aorta, fails to close fully after birth.

Why this should happen is not clear, however the Ductus Arteriosus in the premature baby behaves differently from that of a term baby, in particular it would seem to be less responsive to the constricting effect of oxygen.

When a PDA is present blood may pass from the aorta to the pulmonary artery and then to the lungs, increasing the flow of blood through the lungs. This may lead to the left side of the heart having to work harder and if the baby can not adapt to this extra effort the heart failure can develop.

PDA in premature babies with RDS

PDA can seriously complicate the care of babies already suffering from RDS :

  • The left side of the baby’s heart has to work harder and therefore requires a larger amount of oxygen
  • Fluid accumulates in the lungs due to increased blood flow through the lung which makes the lungs stiffer and it is therefore harder for the baby to breathe
  • The blood pressure in vessels of the lungs increases and can lead to lung problems

Treatment

  • Fluid supply to the baby are decreased
  • Closure of the DA can be achieved by giving the baby specific drugs
  • Surgery

 

 
 
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Last updated:
02/04/2008
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